2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors usually expressed in sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have breached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganism and are involved in sensing endogenous danger signals. TLRs are evolutionarily conserved receptors are homologues of the Drosophila Toll protein, discovered to be important for defense against microbial infection. TLRs recognize highly conserved structural motifs known as pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs), which are exclusively expressed by microbial pathogens.

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Specific Products:

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-159751
    HS101
    		Agonist
    HS101 is a vaccine adjuvant and a key component in vaccines. Adjuvants can be divided into immunostimulants and delivery systems. Adjuvants can not only enhance the intensity and durability of immune responses, but also affect the type of immune responses. On the one hand, immunostimulants promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the maturation and activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), thereby enhancing adaptive immune responses; on the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that promote antigen delivery by prolonging the bioavailability of loaded antigens and targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. Several common adjuvants include: saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants.
    HS101
  • HY-164386
    Defoslimod
    		Agonist
    Defoslimod (OM 174) is an agonist for TLR4 receptor and acts as an immunomodulator. Defoslimod activates macrophages and dendritic cells, induces cytokines secretion, and exhibits antitumor efficacy in rats.
    Defoslimod
  • HY-111782
    8-Mercaptoguanosine
    		Activator
    8-Mercaptoguanosine is an immunoadjuvant that affects the in vivo antibody response to the T-cell-independent antigen TNP-Ficoll. 8-Mercaptoguanosine enhances IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 antibody responses, but has no effect on IgM antibody responses. 8-Mercaptoguanosine also enhances antibody responses to very weak antigens such as pneumococcal polysaccharide and restores antibody responses in immunodeficient xid mice that are non-reactive to TNP-Ficoll.
    8-Mercaptoguanosine
  • HY-N6928R
    Mogroside III-E (Standard)
    Mogroside III-E (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mogroside III-E. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mogroside III-E is a cucurbitane-type compound isolated from Siraitia grosvenorii, inhibits NO release, with anti-fibrotic activity.
    Mogroside III-E (Standard)
  • HY-150751A
    Biotin-labeled ODN TTAGGG sodium
    Biotin-labeled ODN TTAGGG (sodium), a inhibitory oligonucleotide (ODN), is a TLR9, AIM2 and cGAS antagonist. Biotin-labeled ODN TTAGGG (sodium) can be used to evaluate CpG ODN cellular uptake and localization using a biotin detection system and light microscopy.
    Biotin-labeled ODN TTAGGG sodium
  • HY-150724A
    Biotin-labeled ODN 1018 sodium
    Biotin-labeled ODN 1018 (sodium), an oligodeoxynucleotide, is a TLR-9 agonist. Biotin-labeled ODN 1018 (sodium) can be used to evaluate CpG ODN cellular uptake and localization using a biotin detection system and light microscopy.
    Biotin-labeled ODN 1018 sodium
  • HY-150219
    ODN M326
    		Agonist
    ODN M326 (CpG-ODN M326) is a potent TLR9 agonist. ODN M326 induces the production of TNF. ODN M326 can be used as a vaccine adjuvant.
    ODN M326
  • HY-P990519
    Anti-TLR3/CD283 Antibody (CNTO5429)
    Anti-TLR3/CD283 Antibody (CNTO5429) is a CHO expressed human antibody that targets TLR3/CD283. Anti-TLR3/CD283 Antibody (CNTO5429) has a huIgG2 heavy chain and huκ light chain, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 145.42 kDa. The isotype control for Anti-TLR3/CD283 Antibody (CNTO5429) can be referenced as Human IgG4 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99003).
    Anti-TLR3/CD283 Antibody (CNTO5429)
  • HY-161631
    TLR8 agonist 9
    		Agonist
    TLR8 agonist 9 (Compound II-77) is an agonist for Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) with EC50 of 0.25-1 μM. TLR8 agonist 9 is stable in human and murine plasma, induces secretion of cytokines TNFα, with EC50 <1 μM. TLR8 agonist 9 exhibits antitumor activity in MC38-HER2 xenograft mouse model with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rate of 97%.
    TLR8 agonist 9
  • HY-162845
    TLR7/8 agonist 11
    		Agonist
    TLR7/8 agonist 11 (compound 30) is a potent agonist of hTLR7 and hTLR8, with EC50s of 31.1 nM and 13.1 nM, respectively. TLR7/8 agonist 11 plays an important role in adaptive and innate immune responses.
    TLR7/8 agonist 11
  • HY-N14039
    Pinus pinaster bark extract
    		Activator
    Pinus pinaster bark extract is extracted from the bark of pine bark with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Pinus pinaster bark extract increases toll-like receptor (TLR) activity, inducing production of IL-10.
    Pinus pinaster bark extract
  • HY-NP134
    Flagellin from S. typhimurium
    		Agonist
    Flagellin from S. typhimurium is a potent TLR5 agonist. Flagellin activates immune cells and inhibits melanoma cells activity.
    Flagellin from S. typhimurium
  • HY-163829
    TLR2 agonist 1
    		Agonist
    TLR2 agonist 1 (Compound R-7d) is an agonist for human toll-like receptor 2 (TLR 2) with an EC50 of 116 pM. TLR2 agonist 1 enhances NF-κB promoter activation through TLR2/TLR1 heterodimers.
    TLR2 agonist 1
  • HY-D1056C2
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota
    		Activator
    Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are specific endotoxins and one of the major components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist of three parts: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharides are powerful immune stimulants that can activate the host immune system, particularly by binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the surface of immune cells, triggering an inflammatory response. The LPS of most Salmonella serotypes has a complex O-antigen (OAg) structure, with the number of OAg units in the core polysaccharide varying between 16 and over 100 repeats. Mutations in OAg-regulating factors that alter the OAg structure can change the interaction between Salmonella and epithelial cells. Strains with long OAg have increased SPI1-T3SS effector protein translocation and invasion. Strains completely lacking OAg exhibit increased invasiveness and higher adhesiveness. This product is derived from Salmonella enterica serotype Minnesota. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota, can be used to study host immune system activation and its role in inflammation and immune regulation.
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota
  • HY-146560
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-6 (Compound 6c) is a potent, orally active, mixed-type xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.37 µM. Xanthine oxidase-IN-6 shows strong anti-hyperuricemia and renal protective activity.
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-6
  • HY-N0741AR
    Leonurine (hydrochloride) (Standard)
    Leonurine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Leonurine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Leonurine hydrochloride is an alkaloid isolated from Leonurus artemisia, with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory.
    Leonurine (hydrochloride) (Standard)
  • HY-N0462R
    Corilagin (Standard)
    Corilagin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Corilagin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Corilagin, a gallotannin, has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities. Corilagin inhibits activity of reverse transcriptase of RNA tumor viruses. Corilagin also inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC of 25 μg/mL. Corilagin shows anti-tumor activity on hepatocellular carcinoma and ovarian cancer model. Corilagin shows low toxicity to normal cells and tissues.
    Corilagin (Standard)
  • HY-150740
    ODN 21595
    		Inhibitor
    ODN 21595 is a Guanine-Modified TLR7 and TLR9 inhibitor. ODN 21595 inhibits the release of IFN-α and IL-6 with no cytotoxic. ODN 21595 reduces the expression of CD86 and HLA-DR. ODN 21595 has the potential for the research of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
    ODN 21595
  • HY-160228A
    ORN 02 sodium
    		Activator
    ORN 02 (sodium) is a synthetic single-stranded U-rich RNA and contains 6 repeats of UUAU sequence motif. The AU-rich oligoribonucleotides (ORNs) are able to stimulate TLR8.
    ORN 02 sodium
  • HY-121496
    3M-011
    		Agonist
    3M-011 is a potent dual toll-like receptor TLR7/8 agonist and a cytokine inducer. 3M-011 significantly inhibits H3N2 influenza viral replication in the nasal cavity. 3M-011 is also a potent adjuvant to radiotherapy that induces local and profound systemic immune responses during radiotherapy. 3M-011 strongly has antitumor action.
    3M-011
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison

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